Sobrevida en una cohorte con diagnóstico de tuberculosis en Colombia / Survival at cohort diagnosed with tuberculosis in Colombia

Introducción: La tuberculosis es una patología infecciosa crónica cuya incidencia es elevada en países en vía de desarrollo, sin embargo, es limitada la información y los estudios que analizan la mortalidad y sobrevida a largo plazo. Metodología: estudio de cohorte retrospectivo, en pacientes con diagnóstico de tuberculosis mayores de 18 años, el ingreso fue de manera consecutiva hasta completar el periodo de estudio. Se analizó la sobrevida y mortalidad a través del estimador Kaplan ­ Meier por la prueba de log Rank. Resultados: ingresaron 329 sujetos, la mortalidad a los 30 días fue de 11,9% y al año del 24,6%, la tuberculosis pulmonar fue el tipo más frecuente con en el 70,2%. Los hallazgos al examen físico relacionados con mortalidad fueron la caquexia (p<0,001) y el edema en extremidades (p<0,001). La sobrevida general fue del 87,2% a los 30 días y del 72,9% al año. En los pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar la sobrevida fue del 85,8% a los 30 días y del 72,8% al año. Conclusión: La tasa de sobrevida a un año en pacientes hospitalizados por tuberculosis es baja, la edad avanzada, desnutrición, PaO2/FiO2 menor de 300, proteína c reactiva mayor de 45 mg/dL, enfermedad cerebrovascular y enfermedad vascular periférica fueron variables que se asociaron con una mayor mortalidad(AU)

Background: Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious pathology whose incidence is high in developing countries, however, information and studies that analyze mortality and long-term survival are limited. Methodology: retrospective cohort study, in patients with a diagnosis of tuberculosis older than 18 years, admission was consecutive until completing the study period. Survival and mortality were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier estimator by the log Rank test. Results: 329 subjects were admitted, mortality at 30 days was 11.9% and at one year 24.6%, pulmonary tuberculosis was the most frequent type with 70.2%. Physical examination findings related to mortality were cachexia (p<0.001) and extremity edema (p<0.001). Overall survival was 87.2% at 30 days and 72.9% at one year. In patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, survival was 85.8% at 30 days and 72.8% at one year. Conclusion: The one-year survival rate in patients hospitalized for tuberculosis is low, advanced age, malnutrition, PaO2/FiO2 less than 300, c-reactive protein greater than 45 mg/dL, cerebrovascular disease and peripheral vascular disease were variables that were associated with higher mortality(AU)

Agaricus section Arvenses: three new species in highland subtropical Southwest China.

Agaricus is a genus of saprobic basidiomycetes with more than 400 species recognized worldwide, with about 50 species known in China. Our objective was to investigate three new species of section Arvenses in highland subtropical Southwest China. Agaricus guizhouensis is a new species characterized by a white pileus with yellowish squamules, small ellipsoid spores and cheilocystidia with yellowish-brown pigments; another new species, Agaricus longistipes is recognized by its slender stipe, and its elongate-ellipsoid basidiospores; the third new one, Agaricus megalocarpus is remarkable by its large size and its pileus surface covered with fine brown squamules. It is firstly reported for Guizhou Province that Agaricus abruptibulbus, Agaricus flocculosipes, and Agaricus subrufescens are illustrated. Two probable new species require further studying. A phylogenetic analyses of rDNA-ITS sequence data belonging to section Arvenses showed that the section Arvenses is monophyletic and can be subdivided in five branches, the branch of A. subrufescens and four clades (A-D). The eight species from highland subtropical Southwest China were distributed in all five branches, indicating that this highland is at the climatic crossroads. The white pileus trait and the potential interest are discussed. These data suggest a potential species richness that remains to be discovered.